初中英语中易混淆单词

1. advice 建议，忠告（不可数）;

suggestion建议（可数）

________ useful advice you gave me! (What)

________ valuable suggestion you have offered me! (What a)

2. room / space / place:

room“房间”（可数）;“空间”（不可数）

Could you make some room for me?

你能为我让一下空间吗？

space“太空; 空间” （不可数） in space在宇宙太空

Is there any space for me in the car?

车里有给我留的空间吗？(此处和room的含义相当)

place“地方”（可数），指某一具体地点。

I want to live in a place which is warm in winter.

我想住在冬季温暖的一个地方。

It is a wonderful place to go (to).

3. news/ information/ message

news新闻，消息（不可数）;

information信息（不可数）;

message音信，口信（可数）：

Can I take a message for you?

May I leave a message?

4. job/ work

job, 可数：

I have a job as a teacher.

展开全文

work, 不可数：

I cannot find work in this town.

5. 声音voice/ noise/ sound

voice指人的声音或嗓音;

noise指难听刺耳的噪音，吵闹声;

sound指声音的总称。

6. 数量 number / amount

number 指可数名词的数量;

amount 指不可数名词的数量

7.the/ a number of

the number of “…的数量”；

a number of: “许多的”, 都跟可数名词复数。

前者作主语，谓语用单数；后者作主语，谓语用复数。

The number of the trees______ two thousand.

（用单数谓语is. 另注意trees前有限定词）

A number of trees ________ been cut down.

（用复数谓语have. 另注意trees前无限定词）

8. other; else

other 修饰名词，放于名词前。

else修饰疑问词和不定代词、不定副词，放在后面。

What else can you see in the picture?

Do you have anything else to say?

Where else can you see it?

Jim is taller than any _____ boy in his class. (other)

9. well/ good

well:1)adj 指身体健康状况好：

You look well today.

2) adv 修饰动词或形容词: sell well畅销，do well in ; be well worth doing 很值得做

good：adj.修饰人或物 be good at; smell good

The clothes look _______ and they sell _______ on the market. (good; well)

10. already/ yet

already用于肯定句; yet用于否定句和疑问句

11. also; too; as well; either

“也”：either, 用于否定句的末尾。

also, 通常挨着动词，少用于句尾。

too, 通常在句尾，前常有逗号。

as well, 只用于句尾, 前无逗号。

注意：后三个词都不用于否定句。

12. before; ago

ago“…时间前”结构：时间段+ago, 用于一般过去时。

The Greens moved to Shanghai four weeks ago. I saw it ten minutes ago.

(若有since+时间段+ago，常用现在完成时：Mr. Li has worked here since 5 years ago.)

before 单独放在句尾，常用现在完成时：“以前” I have been to London before.

(若是时间段+before,常用过去完成时，“…前”：I had seen the film two weeks before. )

13. almost; nearly; hardly

almost 几乎，差不多，后接肯定或否定词；nearly几乎，差不多，后接肯定意义的词。

hardly几乎不，表否定。

14. too much, too many与much too: much too“过于”，加形容词或副词原级。

much too hot / slowly等。

too much“太多的”，加不可数名词。

too much work / rain等。

too many“太多的”，加可数复数。

too many books / people等。

15. a bit / a little区别：

都可作副词，后直接加形容词或副词。

I’m a bit / a little hungry. She feels a bit / a little tired.

也都可作代词（或形容词），后接不可数名词，但有所不同：

She ate a little bread and went out. (a little 直接加不可数名词)

She ate a bit of bread. （a bit先加of，再跟名词）

16. everyday与every day:

everyday是形容词，后接名词，“日常的”。

He is practicing everyday English.

every day是副词，作时间状语，“每天”。

We speak English every day.

17．wish;hope

① wish既可接to do sth. 也可接sb + to do sth. 也可接that从句.

I wish to spend my summer holiday in Qingdao. I wish you to join my party this Sunday.

I wish (that) I could be a scientist. （注：接that从句时，从句用虚拟语气。）

wish还用来接祝愿语：wish sb a great success; wish you a happy journey; wish you good luck等。

② hope接to do sth. 或that从句. 但不接sb to do sth.

I hope to receive a letter from you some day. I hope you will get well soon.

18. spend; take; cost; pay

①It + take + sb + some time + to do sth：

It took us half an hour to cut down the tree.

②物 + cost + sb + 钱：

The bag cost me thirty yuan.

若cost后无sb, 则译作“价钱是”：

The bag costs 30 Yuan.

③人+ pay + sb + 钱 + for sth：

I paid the seller 200 Yuan for the bike.

④人 + spend + 时间/ 钱 + on sth / (in) doing sth.

The girl spent two hours (in) searching the Internet.

The girl always spends much money on her clothes.

spend 有时可指“度过”：spend holiday / weekends / winter

19. put on; wear; dress；in

①put on,“穿上”后接物。表行为，是短暂动词。

You should put on your coat when you leave.

②wear,“穿，穿着”后接物，表状态，是延续性动词。

He always wears the yellow sweater in winter.

③dress, “给…穿衣”后接人。

Lucy is dressing her little brother now.

be dressed in后常接具有某种特征的衣物。也可直接加表示颜色的词。

The lady is dressed in a white skirt.

The students are all dressed in yellow.

get dressed “穿好衣服”，常不接宾语:

He went out as soon as he got dressed.

dress up (as) ...“装扮（成）......”

He dressed up as a clown.

他装扮成小丑。

④in, “穿着”后接具有某种特征的衣物，表状态，是介词，不可作谓语，可作状语。

也可以直接加表示颜色的词。

The woman in a white skirt is my teacher.

I want to talk to the boy in black.

(我想找那个穿着黑衣服的男孩谈谈。)

20. reach; arrive; get 到达：

①get to + 地点 get to Shanghai / London / China

接地点副词时，不带to. get there / home / here.

②arrive in+大地点(如Beijing / Zhengzhou)，arrive at+小地点(如school / hospital)

arrive只作不及物动词，所以也可单独用：

Please ring me up when you arrive.

③reach只作及物动词，后直接加地点：reach Beijing / England

但常不说reach home / there / here.

21. talk, tell, say, speak:

①talk只作不及物动词。

Don’t talk in class.

Shall we talk about our English study?

He is talking with his teacher.

May I talk to you?

(注意talk接人和接物时介词搭配不同：talk with / to sb ; talk about sth)

②tell只作及物动词,“告诉；讲”。常接双宾结构（tell sb sth.）,常用短语有：tell a lie; tell the truth; tell the difference between ---; tell sb a story; tell a joke

③say必须接有内容，或逻辑上有内容作宾语。

（所接内容见以下划线部分）

Please say it in English.

How do you say that in English?

Please show me what to say..

Do you have anything to say?

I must say sorry to you.

④speak

●“说话”不及物动词。

●接人时先加介词to.

May I speak to Mr. Smith?

●也可译为“说”，作及物动词，后接语言。

Do you speak English / Chinese?

22. win与beat区别：

都有“赢”的意思。win后加物：

而beat后加的是人，也可译为“打败”：

I’m afraid they will beat us.

23. leave; forget

①leave可指“离开”

leave Zhengzhou for Wuhan

离开郑州到武汉

② leave留下；忘记

I left my book at home.

leave后接地点，而forget后无地点。如：

Sorry, I forgot the money.

24. take, bring, fetch与carry:

都译为“拿”。

◆take“拿走”，从说话人处带到另一处。

Could you take the rubbish out when you leave?

◆bring“带来”，从另一处带到说话人处。

Don’t forget to bring your homework here tomorrow.

◆get“去拿来”，先到另一地拿东西，然后再返回到说话人处。

When you go back to the classroom, please get me my pen.

◆carry“拿、搬、扛”，没有特定方向。Tim is carrying a box.

25. receive; accept

receive指收到，但不一定接受；accept 指接受，收下

I ________ a gift from one of my friends, but I don’t want to _________ it. (receive; accept)

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